| Click
on following links to view Statistical Reports |
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Growing
Urban Population |
- Urban
population rising
- One
third live in slums
- In-migration
high
- Slum
Population have poor social indices
- Urban
poor are under skilled and under employed
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| Reasons
for continued Population Growth |
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60%
due to large number of people in the reproductive age group
(momentum).
20% due to unmet need for contraception
20% due to high wanted fertility because of high Infant Mortality,
Gender bias, illiteracy, lack of social security, etc |
| Note: |
Over 50% girls marry at less than 18 years |
| NATIONAL
POPULATION POLICY - 2000 |
| Requirements
for rapid population stabilisation |
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Primary
Health Care
Reproductive Health care accessible and affordable
Coverage and outreach of education
Empowering women
Housing, safe drinking water and sanitation
Transportation and communication |
| Immediate
Objectives |
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Address
the unmet needs of contraception, health infrastructure and
trained health care personnel
Provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and
child health care
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| Medium
Term Objectives |
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Achieve
Replacement Level Fertility (TFR of 2.1) by 2010. |
| Long
Term Objectives |
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To bring about population stabilisation by 2045 |
| Strategic
Themes |
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Decentralise
planning & implementation
Convergence of services
Empower women
Promote child health and survival
Address unmet needs
Utilise diverse health care providers
Target under-served groups
Promote Indian Systems of Medicine
Collaborate with NGOs & private sector
Promote R & D
Provide for the older population
Upscale IEC |
| STRATEGIES
FOR CONSIDERATION |
| Decentralisation,
Convergence and Partnerships |
| Population
is not an issue of any one sector - it is of concern to everyone |
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Convergence
of services
Cluster services
Partnerships with NGOs & private/corporate sector
Strengthen Panchayati Raj Institutions
Make Decentralisation and people’s participation a reality |
| Health
- What to do ? |
| A
healthy population is a pre-requisite for better quality of
life |
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Reduce
maternal and infant mortality
Universal immunization
Prevent & control diarrhea, ARI, malaria, T.B., and AIDS |
| Health
- How to do ? |
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Ensure
quality of care
Increase out-reach
Use Indian Systems of Medicine & Homeopathy effectively
Restructure health infrastructure
Rationalize costs of health care |
| Nutrition |
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20%
of the world’s children, but over 40 % of the under-nourished
No decline in under nutrition in pregnant women and 6-24 month
children
No change in birth weight.
Though severe under nutrition reduced by 50%, reduction in
mild under nutrition is marginal
To be tackled by convergence of health & ICDS services |
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Water
and Sanitation |
- About
200 million people do not have access to safe drinking water.
- 1.5
million children under 5 die annually due to water borne
diseases.
- 200
million persondays of work lost annually due to water-borne
diseases.
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| Women's
Empowerment |
| Fertility
decline and quality of life depend on status of women |
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Increase
female literacy
Enhance political participation
Promote women’s health in totality
Facilitate income generation by women
Eliminate violence against women (foeticide, infanticide,
dowry related etc.) |
| Total
Fertility Rate by Education and Residence |
Met
and Unmet Need for Family Planning |
Source : NFHS-I ( 1992 - 1993) |
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| Informed
Choice & Meeting Unmet Needs |
| Two
third Indians use or want to use contraception. Coercion not
required |
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Meet
felt needs of families
Enable them to achieve their RH goals
Don’t push method specific targets
Ensure availability and provide quality services
People will enable realisation of national goals |
| Addressing
Men |
| Reproduction
and child care traditionally seen as woman's burden |
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Educate,
inform and counsel men to:
- Plan
small families
- Use
contraceptives (sp. NSV)
- Care
for women's health
- Be
caring & responsible fathers
- Say
no to sex determination tests & dowry
- Educate
daughters
- Treat
sons and daughters equally
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| Adolescents |
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next two decades will witness the largest ever increase in the
number of adolescents |
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Devise
suitable strategies for meeting health, economic and social
needs
Reduce teenage pregnancies
Sensitize adolescents - break gender stereotypes and respect
women |
| Building
Public Opinion |
| Demonstration
of support by politial & religious leaders |
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Debate
and discuss in print and audio-visual media
Media to project the concepts of small family, gender equality
and discourage objectification & stereotyping of women
Promote innovative, participatory and interactive IEC |
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